{"id":11219,"date":"2025-03-27T18:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/?p=11219"},"modified":"2025-10-14T09:58:07","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T07:58:07","slug":"a-hangyak-evoluciojanak-magyarazata","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/2025\/03\/27\/a-hangyak-evoluciojanak-magyarazata\/","title":{"rendered":"Hogyan fejl\u0151dtek a hangy\u00e1k? Egyszer\u0171 \u00fatmutat\u00f3 a hangy\u00e1k t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9hez"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"page-header-1562928777\" class=\"page-header-wrapper\">\n  <div class=\"page-title dark featured-title\">\n\n        <div class=\"page-title-bg\">\n      <div class=\"title-bg fill bg-fill\"\n        data-parallax-container=\".page-title\"\n        data-parallax-background\n data-parallax=\"-\">\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"title-overlay fill\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"page-title-inner container align-center text-center flex-row-col medium-flex-wrap\" >\n              <div class=\"title-wrapper flex-col\">\n          <h1 class=\"entry-title mb-0\">\n            Minden, amit a hangy\u00e1k evol\u00faci\u00f3j\u00e1r\u00f3l tudni kell          <\/h1>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"title-content flex-col\">\n        <div class=\"title-breadcrumbs pb-half pt-half\"><nav class=\"woocommerce-breadcrumb breadcrumbs uppercase\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">Kezd\u0151lap<\/nav><\/div>      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n     \n<style>\n#page-header-1562928777 .title-bg {\n  background-image: url(https:\/\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png);\n  background-position: 48% 34%;\n}\n#page-header-1562928777 .featured-title {\n  background-color: rgb(94, 125, 52);\n}\n<\/style>\n  <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n\n\t<div id=\"gap-766981703\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-766981703 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<div class=\"video video-fit mb\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Hogyan fejl\u0151dtek a hangy\u00e1k? A hangy\u00e1k t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek gyors \u00e9s egyszer\u0171 felt\u00e1r\u00e1sa id\u0151vonalakkal\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/CAo0dqOHnmU?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1&#038;origin=https:\/\/antcube.shop\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n<p>Amikor a F\u00f6ld biol\u00f3giai sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g\u00e9re gondolunk, a rovarok ker\u00fclnek a k\u00f6z\u00e9ppontba. Val\u00f3j\u00e1ban az \u00f6sszes biol\u00f3giai sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g 55%-j\u00e9t teszik ki - bele\u00e9rtve a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyeket, gomb\u00e1kat \u00e9s m\u00e9g az \u00f3ce\u00e1nok \u00e9l\u0151vil\u00e1g\u00e1t is -, \u00e9s leny\u0171g\u00f6z\u0151 85%-\u00e9t az \u00f6sszes \u00e1llati sokf\u00e9les\u00e9gnek. A rovarok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a hangy\u00e1k k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen leny\u0171g\u00f6z\u0151 helyet foglalnak el, mivel a F\u00f6ld szinte minden \u00f6kosziszt\u00e9m\u00e1j\u00e1ban vir\u00e1goznak. Minden\u00fctt jelenl\u00e9t\u00fck ellen\u00e9re evol\u00faci\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00fck tov\u00e1bbra is rejt\u00e9lyes. A dinoszauruszkutat\u00e1s 200 \u00e9ves m\u00faltj\u00e1hoz k\u00e9pest a hangyapaleontol\u00f3gia viszonylag fiatal, mind\u00f6ssze 50 \u00e9ves ter\u00fclet. Vizsg\u00e1ljuk meg, mit tudunk eddig a hangy\u00e1k evol\u00faci\u00f3s \u00fatj\u00e1r\u00f3l.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cf0\">Ha t\u00e1mogatni szeretn\u00e9l minket, rendelhetsz egy posztert; <\/span><span class=\"cf0\">K\u00f6vesse a<\/span><span class=\"cf0\"> a link ezekhez a men\u0151<\/span><a class=\"cf0\" href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/en\/product-category\/ant-posters-and-teaching-aids\/\"><span class=\"cf0\">\u00a0hangya poszterek<\/span><\/a><span class=\"cf0\"> \u00e9s kap 10% le a prom\u00f3ci\u00f3s k\u00f3ddal <strong>antblog10<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">A hangy\u00e1k t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9se: Hogyan tanulm\u00e1nyozzuk m\u00faltjukat?<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>A dinoszauruszokkal ellent\u00e9tben, amelyek csontjait egy d\u00e9lut\u00e1ni t\u00fara sor\u00e1n is ki lehet \u00e1sni, a hangy\u00e1k sokkal finomabb nyomokat hagynak maguk ut\u00e1n. A paleontol\u00f3gusok k\u00e9t kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa bizony\u00edt\u00e9kt\u00edpusra t\u00e1maszkodnak:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Fosszilis lenyomatok:<\/b> Ezek k\u00e9tdimenzi\u00f3s lenyomatok, amelyek \u00fcled\u00e9ken vagy k\u0151zetben maradtak.<\/li>\n<li><b>Borosty\u00e1n mint\u00e1k:<\/b> Ak\u00e1rcsak a mag\u00e1val ragad\u00f3 jelenetek a <i>Jurassic Park<\/i>, ezek a h\u00e1romdimenzi\u00f3s fossz\u00edli\u00e1k \u0151si f\u00e1k gyant\u00e1j\u00e1ba z\u00e1rt hangy\u00e1kat \u0151riznek, \u00e9s r\u00e9szletes betekint\u00e9st engednek anat\u00f3mi\u00e1jukba.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-292069173\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1816480381\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1782279621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"530\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?fit=1020%2C530&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?w=2545&amp;ssl=1 2545w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=769%2C400&amp;ssl=1 769w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=1154%2C600&amp;ssl=1 1154w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=768%2C399&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=1536%2C798&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=2048%2C1065&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=18%2C9&amp;ssl=1 18w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=247%2C128&amp;ssl=1 247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2d-print-of-an-ant-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=510%2C265&amp;ssl=1 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1782279621 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"col-2002493570\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1432838349\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?fit=1020%2C531&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?w=2553&amp;ssl=1 2553w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=768%2C400&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=1152%2C600&amp;ssl=1 1152w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=1536%2C800&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=2048%2C1067&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=18%2C9&amp;ssl=1 18w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=247%2C129&amp;ssl=1 247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ant-in-amber-How-did-ants-evolve-A-quick-and-easy-exploration-of-ant-history-YouTube.png?resize=510%2C266&amp;ssl=1 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1432838349 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n<p>E leletek ritkas\u00e1ga kih\u00edv\u00e1st jelent. A hangy\u00e1k 100 milli\u00f3 \u00e9ves t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelme sor\u00e1n mind\u00f6ssze n\u00e9h\u00e1ny sz\u00e1z fossz\u00edli\u00e1t fedeztek fel - ez sz\u00f6ges ellent\u00e9tben \u00e1ll a dinoszauruszcsontok gazdags\u00e1g\u00e1val. M\u00e9gis, ezek az \u00e9rt\u00e9kes relikvi\u00e1k kritikus betekint\u00e9st ny\u00fajtanak. A tud\u00f3sok elemzik a megk\u00f6vesedett anat\u00f3mi\u00e1t, \u00e9s \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edtj\u00e1k a modern hangy\u00e1k DNS-\u00e9t, hogy azonos\u00edts\u00e1k a kapcsolatokat \u0151si \u0151seikkel.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">A hangy\u00e1k meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1sa: Mit\u0151l lesz egy hangya hangya?<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>A modern hangy\u00e1knak h\u00e1rom k\u00f6z\u00f6s anat\u00f3miai jellemz\u0151j\u00fck van:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ny\u00fajtott antenn\u00e1k<\/b><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>A Petiole der\u00e9kr\u00e9sz<\/b>, egy vagy k\u00e9t r\u00e9szre osztva<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Metapleuralis mirigyek<\/b>, b\u00e1r ezek nem minden fajban akt\u00edvak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ezek a jellemz\u0151k seg\u00edtenek a tud\u00f3soknak megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztetni a val\u00f3di hangyafosszili\u00e1kat m\u00e1s t\u00e1rsas rovarokt\u00f3l, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a m\u00e9hekt\u0151l vagy darazsakt\u00f3l. Ennek az anat\u00f3mi\u00e1nak a meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa evol\u00faci\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00fck felt\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">A legkor\u00e1bbi hangy\u00e1k: \u0150si kezdetek (140-168 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt)<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>A hangy\u00e1k el\u0151sz\u00f6r a jura id\u0151szakban jelentek meg, \u00e9s a dinoszauruszokkal \u00e9s a magasra t\u00f6r\u0151 feny\u0151kkel osztoztak a vil\u00e1gukon. Akkoriban m\u00e9g ritk\u00e1k \u00e9s sokkal kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 v\u00e1ltozatosak voltak. A korai hangy\u00e1k val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg mag\u00e1nyosan \u00e9ltek, \u00e9s kezdetleges viselked\u00e9s\u00fck megel\u0151zte a ma ismert \u00f6sszetett t\u00e1rsadalmi strukt\u00far\u00e1kat. A kol\u00f3ni\u00e1k mind\u00f6ssze 10 egyedb\u0151l \u00e1llhattak, ami aligha hasonl\u00edthat\u00f3 a mai kiterjedt kol\u00f3ni\u00e1khoz.<\/p>\n<p>Az egyik legkor\u00e1bbi ismert hangyacsal\u00e1d, <i>Sphecomyrminae<\/i>100 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vre ny\u00falik vissza. \u00c9rdekes, hogy e csal\u00e1d n\u00e9h\u00e1ny tagja, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a <i>Haidomyrmex<\/i>f\u00fcgg\u0151legesen ny\u00edl\u00f3 \u00e1llkapcsuk volt - ink\u00e1bb oll\u00f3hoz hasonl\u00f3an m\u0171k\u00f6dtek -, ami megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6zteti \u0151ket a modern hangy\u00e1kt\u00f3l.<\/p>\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1028308053\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1570474818\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1665873766\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"521\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?fit=1020%2C521&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?w=2550&amp;ssl=1 2550w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?resize=783%2C400&amp;ssl=1 783w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?resize=1175%2C600&amp;ssl=1 1175w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?resize=768%2C392&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?resize=1536%2C784&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?resize=2048%2C1046&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?resize=18%2C9&amp;ssl=1 18w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?resize=247%2C126&amp;ssl=1 247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Sphecomyrmina-ant-family.png?resize=510%2C260&amp;ssl=1 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1665873766 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"col-928709084\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_2118161016\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?fit=1020%2C525&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?w=2526&amp;ssl=1 2526w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?resize=777%2C400&amp;ssl=1 777w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?resize=1166%2C600&amp;ssl=1 1166w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?resize=768%2C395&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?resize=1536%2C790&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?resize=2048%2C1054&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?resize=18%2C9&amp;ssl=1 18w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?resize=247%2C127&amp;ssl=1 247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Haidomyrmex.png?resize=510%2C262&amp;ssl=1 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_2118161016 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n<p>A tud\u00f3sok azt is felt\u00e9telezik, hogy a hangy\u00e1knak k\u00f6z\u00f6s \u0151se van a mag\u00e1nyos darazsakkal. Mindkett\u0151 a Hymenoptera rovarrendbe tartozik, amelybe a m\u00e9hek is tartoznak. Evol\u00faci\u00f3s \u00fatjaik \u00e9vmilli\u00f3kkal ezel\u0151tt sz\u00e9tv\u00e1ltak, de a hangy\u00e1k \u00e9s a m\u00e9hek tov\u00e1bbra is k\u00f6zeli biol\u00f3giai rokonok.<\/p>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_869856474\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"526\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?fit=1020%2C526&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?w=2550&amp;ssl=1 2550w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?resize=776%2C400&amp;ssl=1 776w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?resize=1163%2C600&amp;ssl=1 1163w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?resize=768%2C396&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?resize=1536%2C792&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?resize=2048%2C1056&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?resize=18%2C9&amp;ssl=1 18w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?resize=247%2C127&amp;ssl=1 247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/hymenoptera-tree-simplified.png?resize=510%2C263&amp;ssl=1 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_869856474 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"gap-1738519677\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-1738519677 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">Vir\u00e1gz\u00f3 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek vir\u00e1gz\u00e1sa (100 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt)<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>K\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 100 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt a vir\u00e1gos n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek robban\u00e1sa \u00e1talak\u00edtotta a hangy\u00e1k evol\u00faci\u00f3j\u00e1t. Ahogy a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek, \u00fagy a hangy\u00e1k is soksz\u00edn\u0171v\u00e9 v\u00e1ltak, alkalmazkodva az \u00faj t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e9kforr\u00e1sokhoz \u00e9s \u00e9l\u0151helyekhez. Ebben az id\u0151szakban alakultak ki k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 hangyacsoportok, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Leptanillinae:<\/b> A legr\u00e9gebbi fennmaradt csoport, amelyet apr\u00f3, halv\u00e1ny, k\u00e9tr\u00e9szes der\u00e9kkal rendelkez\u0151 hangy\u00e1k jellemeznek.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Poneroidok:<\/b> Vad\u00e1szati k\u00e9pess\u00e9geikr\u0151l ismert ragadoz\u00f3 hangy\u00e1k.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Formicoidok:<\/b> Egy csoport, amely olyan modern kedvenceket tartalmaz, mint az \u00e1cshangy\u00e1k, a lev\u00e9lv\u00e1g\u00f3k \u00e9s a hadsereg hangy\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A Formicinae hangy\u00e1k megjelen\u00e9se - a v\u00e9dekez\u0151 strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a savas permetez\u00e9s mesterei - egy m\u00e1sik jelent\u0151s m\u00e9rf\u00f6ldk\u0151 volt. Ebben a korszakban a hangy\u00e1k elkezdt\u00e9k felosztani a munk\u00e1t a kasztok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt, megteremtve ezzel a ma csod\u00e1lt, rendk\u00edv\u00fcl szervezett t\u00e1rsadalmak alapjait.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">T\u00fal\u00e9lni a kr\u00e9ta v\u00e1ls\u00e1got (65 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt)<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>M\u00edg a dinoszauruszok kor\u00e1nak v\u00e9get vet\u0151 aszteroida-becsap\u00f3d\u00e1s t\u00f6meges kihal\u00e1st okozott, a hangy\u00e1k s\u00e9rtetlen\u00fcl megmenek\u00fcltek. T\u00fal\u00e9l\u00e9s\u00fcket f\u00f6ldalatti \u00e9letm\u00f3djuknak \u00e9s t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si rugalmass\u00e1guknak tulajdon\u00edtj\u00e1k. Ez a rugalmass\u00e1g tette lehet\u0151v\u00e9 sz\u00e1mukra, hogy a dinoszauruszok ut\u00e1ni vil\u00e1gban is boldoguljanak, \u00e9s m\u00e9g t\u00f6bb fajjal diverzifik\u00e1l\u00f3djanak.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">Hangya mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1g \u00e9s modern dominancia<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>50 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt:<\/b> Egyes hangy\u00e1k mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1got fejlesztettek ki, \u00e9s gomb\u00e1kat termesztettek t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e9kforr\u00e1sk\u00e9nt - ez a gyakorlat ma is megfigyelhet\u0151 a lev\u00e9lv\u00e1g\u00f3 hangy\u00e1kn\u00e1l.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>12-8 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt:<\/b> Kialakultak a lev\u00e9lv\u00e1g\u00f3k, akik szimbi\u00f3zisban \u00e9lnek a termesztett gomb\u00e1kkal, amelyeknek a hangy\u00e1kt\u00f3l f\u00fcgg a t\u00fal\u00e9l\u00e9s\u00fck.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>1 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt:<\/b> T\u0171zhangy\u00e1k (<i>Solenopsis invicta<\/i>) megkezdt\u00e9k glob\u00e1lis h\u00f3d\u00edt\u00e1sukat. Siker\u00fcket a polig\u00edni\u00e1nak (kol\u00f3ni\u00e1nk\u00e9nt t\u00f6bb kir\u00e1lyn\u0151), a gyors k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9si k\u00e9pess\u00e9gnek \u00e9s a t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si alkalmazkod\u00f3k\u00e9pess\u00e9gnek tulajdon\u00edtj\u00e1k. Ma a t\u0171zhangy\u00e1kat tartj\u00e1k az egyik legsikeresebb hangyafajnak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1113148119\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"526\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?fit=1020%2C526&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?w=2548&amp;ssl=1 2548w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?resize=775%2C400&amp;ssl=1 775w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?resize=1163%2C600&amp;ssl=1 1163w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?resize=768%2C396&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?resize=1536%2C793&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?resize=2048%2C1057&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?resize=18%2C9&amp;ssl=1 18w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?resize=247%2C127&amp;ssl=1 247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ff.png?resize=510%2C263&amp;ssl=1 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1113148119 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"gap-403917657\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-403917657 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">Hangya soksz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9g ma<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>A hangy\u00e1k nemcsak t\u00fal\u00e9ltek, hanem gyarapodtak is, \u00e9s a F\u00f6ld szinte minden sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldj\u00e9t ben\u00e9pes\u00edtett\u00e9k. A tud\u00f3sok t\u00f6bb mint 12 500 fajt azonos\u00edtottak, b\u00e1r a val\u00f3di sz\u00e1m val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg sokkal magasabb. A tr\u00f3pusi r\u00e9gi\u00f3kban a hangy\u00e1k biomassz\u00e1ja meghaladja az \u00f6sszes gerinces \u00e1llat\u00e9t egy\u00fcttv\u00e9ve. Egyetlen korl\u00e1tjuk? A hidegre val\u00f3 \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00fck. Sok faj azonban okos strat\u00e9gi\u00e1kat fejlesztett ki, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a t\u00e9li \u00e1lmot, hogy elviselje az \u00e9vszakos v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokat.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">Az utaz\u00e1s folytat\u00f3dik<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Hihetetlen siker\u00fck ellen\u00e9re a hangy\u00e1k tov\u00e1bbra is a tudom\u00e1nyos felfedez\u00e9sek hat\u00e1rter\u00fclet\u00e9t jelentik. Minden egyes fossz\u00edlia \u00e9s DNS-elemz\u00e9s egy \u00fajabb darabk\u00e1val b\u0151v\u00edti evol\u00faci\u00f3s kirak\u00f3s j\u00e1t\u00e9kukat. A mag\u00e1nyos kezdetekt\u0151l a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi innov\u00e1ci\u00f3kig a hangy\u00e1k a F\u00f6ld t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek egyik legcsod\u00e1latosabb sikert\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9t hozt\u00e1k l\u00e9tre.Egy dolog biztos: a hangy\u00e1k sokkal t\u00f6bbek, mint szorgalmas rovarok - a term\u00e9szet lelem\u00e9nyess\u00e9g\u00e9r\u0151l tesznek tan\u00fabizonys\u00e1got.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Amikor a F\u00f6ld biol\u00f3giai sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g\u00e9re gondolunk, a rovarok ker\u00fclnek a k\u00f6z\u00e9ppontba. Val\u00f3j\u00e1ban az \u00f6sszes biol\u00f3giai sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g 55%-j\u00e9t teszik ki - bele\u00e9rtve a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyeket, gomb\u00e1kat \u00e9s m\u00e9g az \u00f3ce\u00e1nok \u00e9l\u0151vil\u00e1g\u00e1t is -, \u00e9s leny\u0171g\u00f6z\u0151 85%-\u00e9t az \u00f6sszes \u00e1llati sokf\u00e9les\u00e9gnek. A rovarok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a hangy\u00e1k k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen leny\u0171g\u00f6z\u0151 helyet foglalnak el, mivel a F\u00f6ld szinte minden \u00f6kosziszt\u00e9m\u00e1j\u00e1ban vir\u00e1goznak. Minden\u00fctt jelenl\u00e9t\u00fck ellen\u00e9re evol\u00faci\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00fck tov\u00e1bbra is rejt\u00e9lyes. A dinoszauruszkutat\u00e1s 200 \u00e9ves m\u00faltj\u00e1hoz k\u00e9pest a hangyapaleontol\u00f3gia viszonylag fiatal, mind\u00f6ssze 50 \u00e9ves ter\u00fclet. Vizsg\u00e1ljuk meg, mit tudunk eddig a hangy\u00e1k evol\u00faci\u00f3s \u00fatj\u00e1r\u00f3l.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":24784,"featured_media":11225,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[539],"tags":[486,470,488,494,490,492,489,491,495,493],"class_list":["post-11219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ant-history","tag-ant-history","tag-ant-research","tag-ants-before-evolution","tag-ants-evolution-tree","tag-evolution-of-ants-species","tag-evolution-of-ants-timeline","tag-evolution-of-fire-ants","tag-speculative-evolution-ants","tag-the-ants-after-meteorite","tag-the-ants-evolution-guide"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ant-evolution_thumbnail2.png?fit=1280%2C720&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24784"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11219"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12604,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11219\/revisions\/12604"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}