{"id":12905,"date":"2025-12-26T14:09:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-26T13:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/?p=12905"},"modified":"2026-03-04T10:53:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-04T09:53:39","slug":"zakladni-slovni-zasoba-tykajici-se-mravencu-cast-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/2025\/12\/26\/zakladni-slovni-zasoba-tykajici-se-mravencu-cast-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00c1KLADN\u00cd SLOVN\u00cd Z\u00c1SOBA T\u00ddKAJ\u00cdC\u00cd SE Mravenc\u016f \u2013 \u010c\u00c1ST 3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"video video-fit mb\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Jak se rod\u00ed mravenec ? \u017divotn\u00ed cyklus mravenc\u016f - dokument\u00e1rn\u00ed film\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wGEVloN4CTk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n<p>Mravenci jsou pozoruhodn\u00ed nejen svou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed organizac\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 fyzick\u00fdmi strukturami, kter\u00e9 jim pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt, komunikovat a p\u0159izp\u016fsobovat se \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Od architektury jejich hn\u00edzd a\u017e po specializovanou stavbu jejich t\u011bl, ka\u017ed\u00fd struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed detail hraje roli v \u00fasp\u011bchu kolonie. <em data-start=\"323\" data-end=\"362\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soba t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se mravenc\u016f \u2013 \u010d\u00e1st 3<\/em> p\u0159edstavuje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pojmy souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se strukturou hn\u00edzd, exoskelety a \u010d\u00e1stmi t\u011bla mravenc\u016f a nab\u00edz\u00ed jasn\u00fd a p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fd z\u00e1klad pro pochopen\u00ed toho, jak se forma a funkce spojuj\u00ed v biologii mravenc\u016f. A\u010dkoli tento p\u0159ehled nen\u00ed vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed, poskytuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed kameny pro podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed anatomie a stavby mravenc\u016f. Pokud byste cht\u011bli trochu v\u00edce kontextu, tento \u010dl\u00e1nek p\u0159irozen\u011b navazuje na<a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/2025\/12\/17\/the-essential-ant-vocabulary-part-1\/\"> \u010c\u00e1sti 1<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/2025\/12\/19\/the-essential-ant-vocabulary-part-2\/\">\u010c\u00e1sti 2<\/a>, na kter\u00fd bude odkaz pro dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dten\u00ed.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">1. Mraven\u010d\u00ed hn\u00edzdo<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Mraven\u010d\u00ed hn\u00edzdo je vnit\u0159n\u00ed obytn\u00e1 struktura kolonie. Zahrnuje komory a tunely, ve kter\u00fdch \u017eije kr\u00e1lovna, potomstvo (vaj\u00ed\u010dka, larvy, kukly) a z\u00e1soby potravy. Hn\u00edzda mohou b\u00fdt pod zem\u00ed, na strom\u011b, uvnit\u0159 d\u0159eva, kamen\u016f, rostlin nebo dokonce v jedin\u00e9m \u017ealudu.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">2. Mraveni\u0161t\u011b<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edsn\u011b vzato je mraveni\u0161t\u011b viditeln\u00fd kopec z p\u016fdy nebo p\u00edsku, kter\u00fd se vytvo\u0159\u00ed nad n\u011bkter\u00fdmi hn\u00edzdy. V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed se v\u0161ak term\u00edn \u201cmraveni\u0161t\u011b\u201d \u010dasto vztahuje na cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m hn\u00edzd, v\u010detn\u011b podzemn\u00edch i povrchov\u00fdch struktur.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">3. Exoskeleton<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Mravenci nemaj\u00ed krun\u00fd\u0159e. M\u00edsto toho maj\u00ed exoskeleton, vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kostru vyrobenou z chitinu. Tato struktura poskytuje ochranu, uchycen\u00ed sval\u016f a zabra\u0148uje ztr\u00e1t\u011b vody.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">4. Integument<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Poko\u017eka je kompletn\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obal t\u011bla mravence. Zahrnuje exoskelet a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed vrstvy, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed rozhran\u00ed mezi hmyzem a jeho prost\u0159ed\u00edm.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">5. Chitin<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"row\"><div class=\"large-12 col\">\n          <div style=\"background-color:#FFF;\" class=\"slider flipContainer slider-nav-circle slide box-shadow-2\"\n            data-flickity-options='{              \"cellAlign\": \"center\",              \"wrapAround\": true,              \"percentPosition\": true,              \"imagesLoaded\": true,              \"pageDots\": true,              \"contain\": true          }'>\n                        <div class=\"slide\" style=\"background-color:#FFF;\">  <div class=\"row row-collapse align-middle flip-slide\" style=\"width:100%\">\n        <div class=\"large-6 col flip-page-one\">\n        <div class=\"featured-product col-inner\">\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/produkt\/plakat-anatomie-mravencu-lasius-niger-70x100\/\">\n                <div class=\"product-image relative\">\n                   <div class=\"front-image\">\n                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"510\" height=\"722\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ant-Anatomy-Lasius-niger.png?fit=510%2C722&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_single size-woocommerce_single wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ant-Anatomy-Lasius-niger.png?w=565&amp;ssl=1 565w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ant-Anatomy-Lasius-niger.png?resize=283%2C400&amp;ssl=1 283w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ant-Anatomy-Lasius-niger.png?resize=424%2C600&amp;ssl=1 424w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ant-Anatomy-Lasius-niger.png?resize=8%2C12&amp;ssl=1 8w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ant-Anatomy-Lasius-niger.png?resize=247%2C350&amp;ssl=1 247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ant-Anatomy-Lasius-niger.png?resize=510%2C722&amp;ssl=1 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 510px) 100vw, 510px\" \/>                  <\/div>\n                  \n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n          <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n       <div class=\"large-6 col flip-page-two\">\n        <div class=\"product-info col-inner inner-padding\">\n              <h1 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/produkt\/plakat-anatomie-mravencu-lasius-niger-70x100\/\">Plak\u00e1t - Anatomie mravenc\u016f - Lasius niger - 70\u00d7100<\/a><\/h1>\n              <div class=\"is-divider medium\"><\/div>\n              <div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<p class=\"price product-page-price\">\n  <span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi>39,90&nbsp;<span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span><\/bdi><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"product-short-description\">\n\t<p>Velikost: 70 \u00d7 100 cm<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"product_meta\">\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\t<span class=\"sku_wrapper\">SKU: <span class=\"sku\">1005796<\/span><\/span>\n\n\t\n\t<span class=\"posted_in\">Kategorie: <a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/vsechny-produkty\/\" rel=\"tag\">V\u0161echny produkty<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/mravenci-plakaty-a-ucebni-pomucky\/\" rel=\"tag\">VZD\u011aL\u00c1VAC\u00cd PLAK\u00c1TY MRAVENC\u016e<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/zbozi-2\/\" rel=\"tag\">Zbo\u017e\u00ed<\/a><\/span>\n\t\n\t <span class=\"posted_in\">Zna\u010dka: <a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/znacka-2\/antcube\/\" rel=\"tag\">ANTCUBE<\/a><\/span>\n<\/div>\n              <a href=\"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/produkt\/plakat-anatomie-mravencu-lasius-niger-70x100\/\" class=\"button\">\u010ct\u011bte v\u00edce<\/a>\n         <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n          <\/div><\/div>\n          \n\n<p>Chitin je struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed protein produkovan\u00fd mravenci a jin\u00fdmi \u010dlenovci. Tvo\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00ed slo\u017eku exoskeletu, na rozd\u00edl od schr\u00e1nek, kter\u00e9 jsou na b\u00e1zi v\u00e1pn\u00edku a nach\u00e1zej\u00ed se mimo t\u011blo zv\u00ed\u0159ete.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">6. Gaster<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Gaster je zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bla mravence, v nespecializovan\u00e9m jazyce b\u011b\u017en\u011b naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 abdomen. V entomologii se up\u0159ednost\u0148uje term\u00edn \u201cgaster\u201d, proto\u017ee nezahrnuje segmenty petiolu.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">7. Slo\u017een\u00e9 oko<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Mravenci maj\u00ed slo\u017een\u00e9 o\u010di slo\u017een\u00e9 z mnoha zrakov\u00fdch jednotek zvan\u00fdch ommatidia. Tyto o\u010di jsou dob\u0159e p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 k detekci pohybu sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed detailn\u00edch obraz\u016f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">8. Ocelli<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Ocelli jsou jednoduch\u00e9 o\u010di um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 na vrcholu hlavy. Detekuj\u00ed intenzitu a orientaci sv\u011btla a vyskytuj\u00ed se hlavn\u011b u ok\u0159\u00eddlen\u00fdch mravenc\u016f, jako jsou kr\u00e1lovny a samci.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">9. \u0158ap\u00edk<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>\u0158ap\u00edk je \u00fazk\u00fd segment (nebo segmenty) spojuj\u00edc\u00ed hrudn\u00edk s zade\u010dkem. Jeho tvar se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k identifikaci druh\u016f mravenc\u016f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" style=\"color:rgb(104, 161, 39);\">10. \u010celisti<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Mandibuly jsou siln\u00e9 \u010delisti mravenc\u016f, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed k p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed potravy, hrab\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy, obran\u011b kolonie a manipulaci s potomstvem.<b>.<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed hn\u00edzdn\u00edch struktur, exoskelet\u016f a \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011bla<\/p>","protected":false},"author":24784,"featured_media":12693,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[442],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ant-species"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antcube.shop\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Screenshot-2025-10-28-at-12-54-18-Everything-you-have-to-know-about-Carebara-diversa-YouTube.png?fit=2545%2C1432&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12905","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24784"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12905"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12905\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12908,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12905\/revisions\/12908"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12693"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12905"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12905"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antcube.shop\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12905"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}